Traditional braces have three main parts: small brackets bonded to the front of each tooth, a thin archwire that runs through the brackets, and small elastic or metal ties that hold the wire in place. The wire puts light, continuous pressure on the teeth. Over time, the bone around each tooth remodels so the tooth can move into its new position.

Braces are usually placed and managed by an orthodontist, a dental specialist with additional years of training in tooth movement and jaw alignment. The orthodontist adjusts the wire every few weeks to keep treatment on track. Total treatment time depends on the case and often lasts one to three years. A retainer is usually worn afterward to help keep teeth from shifting back.

Today's braces come in several styles, including classic metal brackets, tooth-colored ceramic brackets, and lingual braces placed on the back of the teeth.

Who Traditional Braces Are For

Braces can address a wide range of orthodontic concerns, including:

• Crowded, crooked, or rotated teeth
• Gaps or spacing between teeth
• Bite problems such as overbite, underbite, crossbite, and open bite
• Complex cases that need large or precise tooth movements

Children and teens are often evaluated for braces while their jaws are still growing, but adults of any age can straighten their teeth too.

Pros and Cons of Traditional Braces

Potential advantages:

• Can treat complex cases that aligners may not be able to
• Fixed in place, so there's nothing to remember to wear
• Durable and reliable
• Often an economical teeth-straightening option

Potential drawbacks:

• Brackets and wires are visible, especially metal braces
• Hard, sticky, and chewy foods usually need to be avoided
• Brushing and flossing take more time and effort
• Brackets and wires can irritate the cheeks and lips
• Regular adjustment visits are needed throughout treatment